The General Court (EGC), known prior to the Treaty of Lisbon as the Court of First Instance, has the competence to hear actions brought by natural or legal persons against acts of EU institutions and agencies, actions brought by EU member states against the Commission or Council, actions for damages caused by EU institutions or agencies, actions relating to intellectual property, actions relating to employment and social security disputes between EU institutions and their staff, as well as limited applications from national courts for preliminary rulings. The General Court is composed of two judges from each EU member state (currently 54), though only 53 seats are currently filled. It is one of two major courts of the Court of Justice of the European Union (CJEU) and is based in Luxembourg. - Wikipedia 12/25